The irrelevant parameters ffii2 and y2 specify the operating assets' dynamics, equations (10b) and (10d). Hence, given 0012 = 0, valuation function (12) derives from (10a) and (10c) alone. Since the latter equations cannot predict future cash flows without predictions of future (changes) in operating assets (i.e., accruals), unbiased accounting implies that one can derive the value Pt regardless of the anticipated sequence of cash flows. Of course, the converse applies for conservative accounting. The operating assets' dynamic equations (1Ob) and (1Od) take on relevance, and these specify the expected cash flow sequence when combined with the always relevant abnormal earn ings' dynamics, (10a) and (10c). One concludes that valuation analysis does not depend, in any substantive sense, on current and future cash flows (or future operating accruals) if, and only if, the accounting is unbiased.