Despite its limitation, this study and the existing literature do not suggest that outcomesfor either anxiety or depression are improved by the addition of CBT for anxiety to CBT for depression in cases of comorbidity. This is consistent with the more general finding that severe and complex presentations with multiple co-existing disorders do not appear to benefit from more complex interventions. The finding appears counter-intuitive but it may be that a simple, focused intervention provides patients (and therapists) with a clear sense of understanding about what needs to happen to change, mastery and control whereas multiple methods, sug- gestions, ideas and techniques can be overwhelming. Until future prospective studies are con- ducted to address such questions, this research is a good starting point as it contributes to the understanding of single and combined treatments, that doing one intervention may well be better than trying to provide multiple interventions.