障碍之一：认识上的误区 不同文化背景的人们在交际过程中最易犯的一个毛病

障碍之一：认识上的误区
不同文化背景的人们在交际过程中最易犯的一个毛病是误以为对方与自己没有什么两样。一旦发现对方的行为与自己的预期相差很远，就会困惑、失望，造成跨文化交际的失败。在认识上的这一误区是跨文化交际的一大障碍。下面举一些例子加以说明。
障碍之二：刻板印象
尽管我们没有和某一种文化接触，但是，我们可能已经对它有一种先入为主的印象。例如，认为法国人浪慢，德国人严格，美国人随便，日本人工作努力等等。这些就是一些刻板印象，也可以称做定型。
障碍之三：民族中心主义
民族中心主义在英语中是ethnocentiisxn。所谓民族中心主义就是按照本族文化的观念和标准去理解和衡量他族文化中的一切，包括人们的行为举止、交际方式、社会习俗、管理模式以及价值观念等。在当今的世界、只有极少数人露骨地宣称自己的文化优越于其他文化。多数人虽然并不这样说，也没有这样明确的看法、但是。在观察另一种文化时往往不自觉地以自己的是非标准为标准，对于与自己文化不同的事物常常做出价值的判断。有的学者认为，任何人都不可能完全避免民族中心主义。尽管我们做出努力去克服自己的民族中心主义，但是，我们每个人都是在一定文化中成长起来的，文化是我们心灵的软件，是指导我们行动的指南，是我们戴着的一付滤色镜，要完全摆脱我们在社会化过程中获得的各种观念和看法是不可能的。

結果 (中文) 2:

One of the obstacles: understanding error
people from different cultural backgrounds communicate process most likely to commit a mistake mistook each other with their no two.Once discover each other's behavior and their expected far, will be confused, disappointed, resulting in intercultural communication failure.In the understanding of this misunderstanding is an obstacle in the intercultural communication.Here are some examples.
disorder two: stereotype
though we did and some kind of cultural contact, however, we may have on it a first impressions are strongest impression.For example, the French romantic, German rigorous, Americans casually,Japanese work etc..These are some stereotypes, stereotypes can also be called.
disorder three: ethnocentrism
ethnocentrism in English is ethnocentiisxn.The so-called ethical center creed is in accordance with the culture concept and standard to understand and measure his clan culture in all, including people's behavior, communication, social customs, management mode and concept of value.In today's world, only a few people revealed that their own culture is superior to other cultures.Most people may not say so, no such clear perception, but.In the observation of another kind of culture are often unconsciously to own is non standard as the standard, and their culture for different things often make value judgment.Some scholars think, no one can completely avoid ethnocentrism.Despite our efforts to overcome their own ethnocentrism, however, each one of us is in a certain culture grew up in, culture is the soul of our software, is a guide to our guide to action, we are wearing a pair of filters, to completely get rid of our social process to obtain the various concepts and perception is not possible.