[The Court then describes the earliest known acts protecting foreign fishermen in time of war. In 1403 and 1406, Henry IV of England issued orders protecting fishermen of foreign states. The order of 1406 placed all fishermen of France, Flanders, and Brittany, with their fishing vessels and boats and equipment, everywhere on the sea, under his special protection. As long as they were coming or going from fishing activities in good conduct, they were not to be hindered by His Majesty's officers. This practice, based upon prior agreement with the French King for reciprocal treatment, was followed in a treaty made October 2, 1521 between the Emperor Charles V and Francis I of France. In 1536, Dutch edicts permitted herring fishing in time of war. Early French practice even permitted admirals to accord fishing truces in time of war. In ordinances passed in 1681 and 1692, France curtailed this practice, apparently because of the failure of her enemies to accord reciprocal treatment.