We will cover more details about the spatially correlated residual structures in Chapter 7 (Spatial analysis). To demonstrate briefly how the kronecker products are coded in ASReml, we show how to fit the models with residual correlations only only row direction or in both row and column directions in Code example 3.3. The data set for this example is a single-‐ site replicated experiment of barley varieties where the field was arranged as a rectangular grid of rows and columns. The data file (barley.asd) is provided with the ASReml program code, and on a Windows computer will be installed in a folder similar to “C:Program FilesASReml4ExamplesFunctional”. This example is also discussed in the ASReml User Guide (Gilmour et al., 2014) and in Gilmour et al. (1997a).