[0035] The 取向層 118A may be disposed on the support plate 112A facing the display medium layer DM (shown in FIG. 1). The 取向層 118A may be in contact with the display medium layer DM (shown in FIG. 1) and partially covered by the sealant SL. The sealant SL may be in contact with a portion of a top surface T118A of the 取向層 118A. In some embodiments, the material of the 取向層 118A may include polymer such as polyimide or the like. The top surface T118A of the 取向層 118A in contact with the display medium layer DM may have alignment structures by rubbing so as to align the orientation of the molecules of the display medium layer DM.