This significant group difference can be taken as evidence of thepositive effect of AR technology. AR applications related to the “Solar System and Beyond”, one of the topics covered in the sciencecourse, were developed and implemented in the experimental group because students find this topic very interesting. However, as itcontains mostly abstract concepts, students generally have difficulty learning the relevant concepts and fall through to achievemeaningful learning (Gundogdu, 2014). With the help of AR applications, however, students were able to see these abstract conceptsphysically through 3D virtual objects, achieve more meaningful learning, and consequently, greater academic achievement than thosein the control group.