Volcanism in Germany can be traced

Volcanism in Germany can be traced back for millions of years, due to the collision between the African and Eurasian plates, but it has been concentrated in bursts associated with the loading and unloading of ice during glacial advances and retreats. The initial blasts of Laacher See, which took place in late spring or early summer, flattened trees up to four kilometres away. The magma opened a route to the surface which erupted for about ten hours, with the plume probably reaching a height of 35 kilometres. Activity continued for several weeks or months, with pyroclastic currents which covered valleys up to ten kilometres away with sticky tephra. Near the crater deposits are over fifty metres, and even five kilometres away they are still ten metres thick. All plants and animals for a distance of about sixty kilometres to the northeast and forty kilometres to the southeast must have been exterminated.[6] An estimated 6 km3 (1.4 cu mi) of magma erupted,[7] producing around 16 km3 (3.8 cu mi) of tephra.[8] This 'huge' Plinian eruption thus had a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 6.

Tephra deposits from the eruption dammed the Rhine, creating a 140 km2 (50 sq mi) lake. When the dam broke, an outburst flood swept downstream, leaving deposits as far away as Bonn.[7] The fallout has been identified in an area of more than 300,000 square kilometres, stretching from central France to northern Italy, and from southern Sweden to Poland, making it an invaluable tool for chronological correlation of archaeological and palaeoenvironmental layers across the area.

結果 (中文) 1:

德国的火山活动可以追溯数百万年来，由于非洲和欧亚板块，碰撞但它一直集中在阵阵与装卸的冰在冰川进退期间相关联。Laacher 看，花了初始爆炸发生在晚春或初夏，夷为平地的树木达四公里。岩浆打开通往地表喷发大约十个小时，与羽可能达到 35 公里的高度。活动持续了数周或数月，与火山碎屑流覆盖的山谷到十公里远与粘性的火山灰。火山口附近存款超过五十米，甚至五公里外他们还有十米厚。所有的植物和动物为约六十公里，东北和东南四十公里的距离必须已经被灭绝了。[[7]，6] 估计 6 km3 (1.4 铜 mi) 的岩浆爆发生产大约 16 km3 (3.8 铜 mi) 的火山灰。[8] 这个 '巨大' 的普林尼式喷发因而有 6 火山爆发指数 (VEI)。从火山喷发的火山碎屑沉积筑坝莱茵河，创建 140 km2 (50 平方 mi) 湖。当水坝一破裂时，溃决洪水席卷下游，远的波恩离开存款。[7] 余波已确定在面积超过 30 万平方米公里，延伸从法国到意大利北部，中部和南部瑞典再到波兰，使其按时间顺序相关的考古的宝贵工具和古环境层整个区域。

結果 (中文) 3:

火山活动在德国可以追溯到数百万年来，由于非洲板块和欧亚板块之间的碰撞，但它已经集中在加载和卸载的冰在冰川的前进和后退相关的爆发。最初看到的Laacher爆炸，发生在春末夏初，平顶树达四公里。岩浆喷发了约十个小时的表面的岩浆，可能达到35公里的高度。活动持续数周或数月，与火山碎屑流覆盖的山谷长达十公里的火山灰和粘。附近的火山口沉积物超过五十米，甚至五公里以外，他们仍然是十米厚。在距离约六十公里的东北部四十公里的东南部所有的植物和动物都灭绝了。[ 6 ]约6立方公里（1.4立方英里）的岩浆喷发，[ 7 ]生产大约16立方公里（3.8立方英里）的火山灰。[ 8 ]这巨大的火山因此，有一个爆发，火山爆发指数（VEI）6。

火山碎屑沉积的喷发堰塞湖莱茵河，创建一个140平方公里（50平方英里）湖。溃坝时，一次突出的洪水席卷了下游，使之远离了波恩。300000平方公里的地区已经确定了7多平方公里，从法国中部延伸到意大利北部，从瑞典南部到波兰，这使得考古和古环境在地区层时间相关的一个宝贵的工具。