Biogenic amines are synthesized by the decarboxylation reaction of free amino acids by amino acid decarboxylases (Halász,Barátha, Simon-Sarkadib, & Holzapfel, 1994; Kirschbaum,Rebscher, & Brückner, 2000). The factors that govern the formationof biogenic amines include: the presence of an amino acid decarboxylase,free amino acid substrates, and appropriate reaction conditions (Pereira, Barreto Crespo, & San Romao, 2001). Many researchers have shown that lactic acid bacteria in fermented food can produce biogenic amines, however others have shown that biogenic amine synthesis is a complicated process requiring yeast.(Caruso et al., 2002 Costantini, Vaudano, Del Prete, Danei, & Garcia-Moruno, 2009; Rosi, Nannelli, & Giovani, 2009; Torrea &Ancín, 2001). Costantini et al. (2009) reported that two yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae commercial starters A and D) can produce tyramine and histamine during alcoholic fermentation of grape juice. Interestingly, compared to Saccharomyces pure cultures, the
production of biogenic amines was decreased when non-Saccharomyces and spontaneous mixed culture was used in wine fermentation (Medina et al., 2013). The role of bacteria or yeast in the formation of biogenic amines is still unclear (Caruso et al., 2002;Izquierdo-Pulido, Font-Fábregas, & Vidal-Carou, 1995; Rosi et al.,2009).