Overall, the results suggest that high-yield strategies have produced higher average annual returns than equally weighted index portfolios, but these strategies have only beaten the market in around 50% of annual periods. Furthermore, the returns have been insufficient to compensate investors adequately for the additional risk and costs (see also Filbeck and Visscher [1997] for the U.K. market). An interesting outcome though is that the index most similar to the DJIA, the FT 30, did produce the best results. It seems credible that this occurred due to the rules for inclusion in the index. In other indices, firms that fall considerably in value may have a high yield but they face the possibility of ejection from the index due to insufficient market capitalization. This is less likely in the FT 30, thus stocks have a greater ability to “bounce back” from any particularly large declines in value, and perhaps this can explain the slightly better returns to the strategy