Embedded in the Ways of Coping scale is a distinction between two general types of coping. The first, termed problem-focused coping, is aimed at problem solving or doing something to alter the source of the stress. The second, termed emotion-focused coping, is aimed at reducing or managing the emotional distress that is associated with (or cued by) the situation. Although most stressors elicit both types of coping, problem-focused coping tends to predominate when people feel that something constructive can be done, whereas emotion-focused coping tends to predominate when people feel that the stressor is something that must be endured.
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