3.Theories in use (uses and gratifi

3.Theories in use (uses and gratifications theory and expectation disconfirmation theory)
The uses and gratifications (U&G) framework is a media use model from mass communications research that pilots the assessment of user motivations of media usage and access. The main purpose of this model is to clarify the reasons that individuals choose a specific medium over alternative communication media and to elucidate the psychological needs that people use a particular vehicle. This model assumes that users are goal-directed in their behavior and are aware of their needs. The framework has been applied to various media, plus newspapers (Elliott & Rosenberg, 1987), radio (Mendelsohn, 2009), and television (Babrow, 1987), cable television (Heeter & Greenberg, 1985), VCR (Cohen, Levy & Golden, 1988), mobile phone (Leung & Wei, 2000), email (Dimmick, Kline & Stafford, 2000), the Internet (Stafford, Stafford & Schkade, 2004), virtual community (Cheung and Lee, 2009)) and social network sites (Cheung & Lee, 2009; Shi, Cheung, Lee, & Chen, 2009). Expectation Disconfirmation Theory(EDT), from Marketing, has now been smeared to the adoption of information technology (e.g., Bhattacherjee, 2001a). In specific, information systems (IS) research has recently shown that expectations about technology can forecast perceived performance, disconfirmation of expectations, satisfaction, and usage continuance intentions (Bhattacherjee and Premkumar, 2004; Hsu, Chiu & Ju., 2004; Susarla, Barua, & Whinston, 2003; Khalifa and Liu 2002; Bhattacherjee 2001b). This is a vital area of research that helps clarify the process of adoption by showing how initial expectations are converted by disconfirmation into satisfaction with a system. EDT is a prominent theory from marketing that can predict and explain consumers’ satisfaction with products or services (e.g., Spreng & Page, 2003; Patterson, Johnson & Spreng, 1997; Oliver, 1980). Recently, EDT has been used to explain users’ information technology satisfaction (Bhattacherjee and Premkumar 2004; Hsu et al., 2004; Susarla et al., 2003; Khalifa and Liu 2003, 2002; Bhattacherjee, 2001a, 2001b).
Therefore the H1 of this study is:

結果 (中文) 1:

3.理论中使用 （使用与满足理论和期望失验理论）The uses and gratifications (U&G) framework is a media use model from mass communications research that pilots the assessment of user motivations of media usage and access. The main purpose of this model is to clarify the reasons that individuals choose a specific medium over alternative communication media and to elucidate the psychological needs that people use a particular vehicle. This model assumes that users are goal-directed in their behavior and are aware of their needs. The framework has been applied to various media, plus newspapers (Elliott & Rosenberg, 1987), radio (Mendelsohn, 2009), and television (Babrow, 1987), cable television (Heeter & Greenberg, 1985), VCR (Cohen, Levy & Golden, 1988), mobile phone (Leung & Wei, 2000), email (Dimmick, Kline & Stafford, 2000), the Internet (Stafford, Stafford & Schkade, 2004), virtual community (Cheung and Lee, 2009)) and social network sites (Cheung & Lee, 2009; Shi, Cheung, Lee, & Chen, 2009). Expectation Disconfirmation Theory(EDT), from Marketing, has now been smeared to the adoption of information technology (e.g., Bhattacherjee, 2001a). In specific, information systems (IS) research has recently shown that expectations about technology can forecast perceived performance, disconfirmation of expectations, satisfaction, and usage continuance intentions (Bhattacherjee and Premkumar, 2004; Hsu, Chiu & Ju., 2004; Susarla, Barua, & Whinston, 2003; Khalifa and Liu 2002; Bhattacherjee 2001b). This is a vital area of research that helps clarify the process of adoption by showing how initial expectations are converted by disconfirmation into satisfaction with a system. EDT is a prominent theory from marketing that can predict and explain consumers’ satisfaction with products or services (e.g., Spreng & Page, 2003; Patterson, Johnson & Spreng, 1997; Oliver, 1980). Recently, EDT has been used to explain users’ information technology satisfaction (Bhattacherjee and Premkumar 2004; Hsu et al., 2004; Susarla et al., 2003; Khalifa and Liu 2003, 2002; Bhattacherjee, 2001a, 2001b). 因此这项研究的 H1 是︰

結果 (中文) 2:

在使用3.Theories（使用与满足理论与期望差异理论）
的使用与满足（U＆G）框架是从大众传播研究媒体使用模式，飞行员媒体使用和访问的用户动机的评估。这种模式的主要目的是澄清个人选择特定的媒体在替代的通信媒体的原因，并阐明人使用特定车辆的心理需求。该模型假设用户是目标导向在他们的行为和了解他们的需求。该框架已应用于各种媒体，加上报纸（埃利奥特＆罗森堡，1987），无线电（门德尔松，2009年），和电视（Babrow，1987），有线电视（Heeter＆格林伯格，1985），VCR（科恩，利维＆金，1988年），手机（梁和伟，2000年），电子邮件（Dimmick，克莱恩斯塔福德，2000年），互联网（斯塔福德，斯塔福德和施卡德，2004年），虚拟社区（张和李，2009））和社会网络站点（祥利和2009年，施祥，李，陈，2009年）。期望差异理论（EDT），从市场营销，现在已经涂抹到通过信息化（如Bhattacherjee，2001年）。具体而言，信息系统（IS）的研究最近表明，对技术的期望可以预测感知性能，预期，满意度和使用量继续意图（Bhattacherjee和Premkumar，2004年-不一致;徐，赵和菊，2004年; Susarla，巴鲁阿，与温斯顿，2003; Khalifa和刘2002; Bhattacherjee 2001B）。这是研究的重要领域，可为通过显示期望如何初始被失验转换成满意的系统澄清采用的过程。EDT是从市场营销的一个突出理论可以预测和解释消费者对产品或服务（如紫茎泽兰和页，2003;帕特森，强紫茎泽兰，1997年，奥利弗，1980年）的满意度。近日，美国东部时间已被用来解释用户的信息化满意度（Bhattacherjee和2004年Premkumar; Hsu等，2004; Susarla等，2003;哈里发和Liu 2003，2002; Bhattacherjee，2001年，2001年b）。
因此，本研究的H1为：

結果 (中文) 3:

3。使用理论（使用与满足理论、期望不一致理论）“使用与满足”（U＆G）框架是一个媒体的使用模式的研究，飞行员使用媒体和访问用户的动机评价大众传播。该模型的主要目的是澄清的原因，个人选择一个特定的媒体在替代通信媒体，并阐明人们使用一个特定的车辆的心理需求。该模型假设用户有目标的行为，是意识到自己的需求。框架已经应用于各种媒体，加上报纸（1987埃利奥特&罗森伯格）、无线电（门德尔松，2009），电视（babrow，1987），有线电视（希特&格林伯格，1985），VCR（科恩、征收和黄金，1988），手机（Leung & Wei，2000）、电子邮件（迪米克，克莱恩Stafford，2000），互联网（斯塔福德，斯塔福德施卡德，2004）、虚拟社区（Cheung和李，2009））和社会网络网站（Cheung & Lee，2009；石，Cheung，李，& Chen，2009）。期望不一致理论（EDT），从市场营销，现在已经被涂抹在采用信息技术（例如，Bhattacherjee，2001年）。在具体的信息系统（IS）的研究最近表明，期望技术可以预测的感知性能，期望，满意度差异，使用持续的意图（Bhattacherjee和雷姆库玛，2004；许，Chiu和局，2004；Susarla，Barua，& Whinston，2003；哈里发和刘2002；Bhattacherjee 2001b）。这是一个重要的研究领域，有助于澄清的过程中采用通过展示最初的期望是被整合到系统的满意度。香水是从营销，可以预测和解释消费者的产品或服务的满意度最著名的理论（例如，紫茎泽兰和页，2003；帕特森，1997；约翰逊&紫茎泽兰，奥利弗，1980）。近日，美国东部时间被用来解释用户信息技术满意度（Bhattacherjee和雷姆库玛2004；Hsu等，2004；Susarla et al.，2003；哈里发和刘2003、2002；Bhattacherjee，2001a，2001b）。因此，本研究的H1：