Another outcome of PE as sport techniques relates to unit length. When units are short,
students are unable to achieve any significant mastery of learning outcomes. As early as 1987,
Taylor and Chiogioji (1987) noted that the proliferation of and emphasis on teaching many
activities in too short a time makes it difficult for students to achieve any PE goal. Indeed, this
smorgasbord approach lessens students* opportunities to master any single activity. When stu-
dents do not see development of their game skills or tactics, they have a concurrent perception
that the content lacks meaning.