WorldEnergyOutlookSpecialReport2016

WorldEnergyOutlookSpecialReport2016:EnergyandAirPollution
Chapter1Energyandairpollution
Highlights
Airpollutionisthefourthgreatestoverallriskfactorforhumanhealthworldwide,afterhigh
bloodpressure,dietary（饮食）risksandsmoking.Latestestimatesattribute（归因）6.5
millionprematuredeathstoairpollution.Amongthemajorairpollutants,fineparticulate（颗
粒）matteristhemostdamagingtohumanhealth,andsulfuroxides（硫氧化物）,nitrogen
oxides（氮氧化物）andozone（臭氧）areassociated（联系）witharange（一系列）
ofillnesses.Inadditiontohumanhealth,airpollutionposes（造成，引起）riskstothe
environment,theeconomyandfoodsecurity.
Airpollutantsarisingfromhumanactivityoverwhelmingly（大多数）derive（来自）from
energyproductionanduse,mainlythecombustion（燃烧）offossilfuelsandbiomass.Three
keypollutantsareexaminedindetailinthisreport.Almostallsulfurdioxideandnitrogen
oxidesemissionstotheatmosphereareenergy-related.Withintheenergysector,power
generationandindustryarethemainsourcesofsulfurdioxide,mostlyfromcoaluse.Oiluse
invehiclesandpowergenerationaretheleadingemittersofnitrogenoxides.Consumptionof
biomass,kerosene（煤油）andcoalinthebuildingssector,alongwithindustrialuse,are
responsibleforthebulk（大部分）oftheparticulatematterreachingtheatmosphere.
Theconcentration（集中）ofpeople,economicactivityandenergydemandintheworld’s
growingcitiesmeansthatpoorairqualityisoftenregardedasanurbanproblem.Yetpoorair
qualityalsoaffectsmanyrural（乡村）communities,particularlywherehouseholds（家庭）
continuetorelyonsolidbiomassforcookingandkeroseneforlighting.Moreover,themajor
pollutants–includingsecondary（二次）pollutantsformedbychemicalreactionsinthe
atmosphere–canbetransportedlargedistancesfromtheirsources.
Asthepredominant（主要）sourceofairpollution,theenergysectormustbeattheforefront
（第一线）ofactiontoimproveairqualityaroundtheworld.Arangeofprovenpoliciesand
technologiesareavailabletodoso.IntheUnitedStates,EuropeanUnionandJapan,
regulations（标准）havehelpedtoachieveamajordropinemissionsinsomesectors,although
challengesremain.IndevelopingAsia,lessstringent（严格）regulationsrelatingtofuelquality,
energyefficiencyandpost-combustiontreatmenttechnologiesgenerallymeanthatpollutant
emissionshaveriseninline（一致）withveryrapidgrowthinenergydemandseeninrecent
years,thoughimprovementsinairqualityarebecominganincreasinglyurgentpolicypriority
（优先）inmanyAsiancountries.

結果 (中文) 2:

WorldEnergyOutlookSpecialReport2016：EnergyandAirPollution
Chapter1Energyandairpollution
亮点
Airpollutionisthefourthgreatestoverallriskfactorforhumanhealthworldwide，afterhigh
的bloodpressure，饮食（饮食）risksandsmoking.Latestestimatesattribute（归因）6.5
millionprematuredeathstoairpollution.Amongthemajorairpollutants，fineparticulate（颗
粒）matteristhemostdamagingtohumanhealth，andsulfuroxides（硫氧化物），氮
氧化物（氮氧化物）andozone（臭氧）areassociated（联系）witharange（一系列）
ofillnesses.Inadditiontohumanhealth，airpollutionposes（造成，引起）riskstothe
环境，theeconomyandfoodsecurity。
Airpollutantsarisingfromhumanactivityoverwhelmingly（大多数）获得来自（来自）
energyproductionanduse，mainlythecombustion（燃烧）offossilfuelsandbiomass.Three
keypollutantsareexaminedindetailinthisreport.Almostallsulfurdioxideandnitrogen
oxidesemissionstotheatmosphereareenergy -related.Withintheenergysector，电力
generationandindustryarethemainsourcesofsulfurdioxide，mostlyfromcoaluse.Oiluse
invehiclesandpowergenerationaretheleadingemittersofnitrogenoxides.Consumptionof
生物质，煤油（煤油）andcoalinthebuildingssector，alongwithindustrialuse，是
responsibleforthebulk（大部分）oftheparticulatematterreachingtheatmosphere。
Theconcentration（集中）ofpeople，economicactivityandenergydemandintheworld的
growingcitiesmeansthatpoorairqualityisoftenregardedasanurbanproblem.Yetpoorair
qualityalsoaffectsmanyrural（乡村）社区，particularlywherehouseholds （家庭）
continuetorelyonsolidbiomassforcookingandkeroseneforlighting.Moreover，themajor
污染物-includingsecondary（二次）pollutantsformedbychemicalreactionsinthe
大气canbetransportedlargedistancesfromtheirsources。
Asthepredominant（主要）sourceofairpollution，theenergysectormustbeattheforefront
（第一线）ofactiontoimproveairqualityaroundtheworld.Arangeofprovenpoliciesand
technologiesareavailabletodoso.IntheUnitedStates，EuropeanUnionandJapan，
法规（标准）havehelpedtoachieveamajordropinemissionsinsomesectors，虽然
challengesremain .IndevelopingAsia，lessstringent（严格）regulationsrelatingtofuelquality，
energyefficiencyandpost-combustiontreatmenttechnologiesgenerallymeanthatpollutant
emissionshaveriseninline（一致）withveryrapidgrowthinenergydemandseeninrecent
年，thoughimprovementsinairqualityarebecominganincreasinglyurgentpolicypriority
（优先）inmanyAsiancountries。

結果 (中文) 3:

worldenergyoutlookspecialreport2016：energyandairpollutionchapter1energyandairpollution集锦airpollutionisthefourthgreatestoverallriskfactorforhumanhealthworldwide，经血压、饮食（饮食）risksandsmoking latestestimatesattribute（归因）6.5。millionprematuredeathstoairpollution。amongthemajorairpollutants，颗粒（颗粒）matteristhemostdamagingtohumanhealth，andsulfuroxides（硫氧化物），氮氧化物（氮氧化物）和臭氧（臭氧）与（联系）witharange（一系列）疾病。Inadditiontohumanhealth，airpollutionposes（造成，引起）riskstothe环境，theeconomyandfoodsecurity。airpollutantsarisingfromhumanactivityoverwhelmingly（大多数）获得（来自）从energyproductionanduse，mainlythecombustion（燃烧）offossilfuelsandbiomass.threekeypollutantsareexaminedindetailinthisreport。almostallsulfurdioxideandnitrogenWithintheenergysector，功率oxidesemissionstotheatmosphereareenergy相关。generationandindustryarethemainsourcesofsulfurdioxide，mostlyfromcoaluse.oiluseinvehiclesandpowergenerationaretheleadingemittersofnitrogenoxides消耗。生物质，煤油（煤油）andcoalinthebuildingssector，alongwithindustrialuse，是responsibleforthebulk（大部分）oftheparticulatematterreachingtheatmosphere。浓度（集中）的人，economicactivityandenergydemandintheworld的growingcitiesmeansthatpoorairqualityisoftenregardedasanurbanproblem。yetpoorairqualityalsoaffectsmanyrural（乡村）社区，particularlywherehouseholds（家庭）continuetorelyonsolidbiomassforcookingandkeroseneforlighting。此外，主要污染物–includingsecondary（二次）pollutantsformedbychemicalreactionsinthe大气–canbetransportedlargedistancesfromtheirsources。asthepredominant（主要）sourceofairpollution，theenergysectormustbeattheforefront（第一线）ofactiontoimproveairqualityaroundtheworld.arangeofprovenpoliciesand在美国，europeanunionandjapan technologiesareavailabletodoso，条例（标准）havehelpedtoachieveamajordropinemissionsinsomesectors，虽然challengesremain。IndevelopingAsia，lessstringent（严格）regulationsrelatingtofuelquality，energyefficiencyandpost combustiontreatmenttechnologiesgenerallymeanthatpollutantemissionshaveriseninline（一致）withveryrapidgrowthinenergydemandseeninrecent年，thoughimprovementsinairqualityarebecominganincreasinglyurgentpolicypriority（优先）inmanyasiancountries。