J. Penfold et al. / Journal of Coll

J. Penfold et al. / Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 449 (2015) 167–174
and for 5 mM putrescine/SDS mixtures at pH 7 and 10, and over a
wide range of SDS concentrations.
2.2. Surface tension
The surface tension, ST, measurements were made on a Kruss
K11 maximum pull digital tensiometer, using a platinum-iridium
ring and the deNouy method. Before each measurement the ring
was rinsed in high purity water and dried in a Bunsen flame. The
tensiometer was calibrated to a value of 72 mN/m in high purity
water and the temperature controlled to 25 ± 0.2 C. The solutions
were partially covered to reduce evaporation. Repeated measurements were made, for a lapse time of up to 2 h depending upon
the solution, until the variation in the ST was

結果 (中文) 1:

J.彭等人 / 胶体与界面科学 449 学报 (2015 年) 167-174和 5 毫米腐胺/SDS 混合物 ph 值为 7，10，和结束宽范围的 SDS 浓度。2.2.表面张力对 Kruss 进行了 ST，表面张力测定K11 大拉数字张力计，使用铂铱环和 deNouy 方法。以前每次测量环是在高纯度水漂洗和烘干在本生灯火焰。的张力计被校准值为 72 mN/m 纯度高水和温度控制在 25 ± 0.2 c。解决方案部分覆盖以减少蒸发。重复的测量作了，达 2 h 取决于花费时间解决方案，直到在 ST 变化 < 0.2 mN/m。2.3.中子反射中子反射率测量了在波浪上[39] 和 [40] 国米反光在 ISIS 中子源。的反射率测量矢量波宽移交，Q，范围 (其中 Q = (4p 罪 h) / k，h 是掠入射角和 k 中子波长)。对国际米兰的可用的 Q 范围是0.03 至 0.3 Å 1，与 h 的 2.3 a 和 a k 范围上 1 到 15 Å。冲浪一稍有不同的 Q 系列 0.045 至 0.5 Å 1 使用，为h 的 1.5 和 0.5 到 7 k 范围 Å。反射率标定与尊重直接束强度和从D2O 表面的反射率。测量所有了in nrw in sealed Teflon troughs at 25 C and with sample volumes25 mL. Each NR measurement took 15 to 30 min, and the measurements were made sequentially in a 5 or 7 position samplechanger. The measurements were repeated 3 to 4 times, whichrepresented a total lapse time of 4–6 h, by which time the reflectivity profiles had reached a steady-state.In the kinematic approximation [41] the reflectivity is related tothe square of the Fourier transform of the scattering length densityprofile q(z) normal to the surface (q(z) = Pini(z)bi, where ni and biare the number density and scattering length of the ith component,and q(z) is related to the neutron reflective index bynðzÞ ¼ 1  k2qðzÞ=2p). Hence, the reflectivity can be written as,RðQÞ ¼ 16p2Q 2    Z qðzÞeiQzdz   2 ð1Þq(z) can be manipulated by deuterium labelling (H and D havedifferent scattering lengths, 3.7  106 Å for H and 6.67  105 Åfor D) such that the reflectivity can provide directly informationabout adsorption at the interface and the structure of the adsorbedlayer. This approach has been extensively exploited for a widerange of surfactants [41] and polymer–surfactant [12] systems.The scattering lengths of the different components used in thisstudy are listed in Table 1.

結果 (中文) 3:

J·福等。/胶体与界面科学杂志（2015年）167–174 449and for 5毫米腐胺/ SDS混合物在pH值为7和10，and over awide range of SDS浓度。2.2。表面张力表面张力测量，ST，were made我们格鲁斯K11最大数字tensiometer毛衣，使用铂-铱环and the denouy方法。在每个测量戒指是在高纯度水和干漱口在本生灯火焰。thetensiometer was Calibrated to a value of 72分钟/ m in高纯度水和温度控制在25±0.2 C the解were to reduce蒸发部分覆盖。重复测量were made for a倒下，时间2小时取决于在up tothe溶液，直到变in the ST是＜0.2 MN / M2.3。中子反射率中子反射率测量were made the on the冲浪[ 39 ]和[ 40 ]间reflectometers at the ISIS中子源。the反射波矢量是仔细测量了在广泛转移，Q，把（在q =（4P罪（H）/ K，H is the放牧入射角和K the中子的波长）。我们把一间可用Q theÅ1 0.03到0.3，以及H of 2.3 and a range of K 1至15。我们海浪的轻微不同Q把0.045 0.5Å1 was used to，forH of 1.5和K range of 0.5至7Å。the反射率was Calibrated with respect to the直梁的强度和from the从重水反射表面。测量是all made the在北威州在密封特氟隆troughs在25 C and with样本量25毫升。每15到30分钟的NR测量带，and the测量were made继续地在5 7金样品的位置改变。the测量是重复3到4时报，whichrepresented总失效时间4-6小时，by which time the反射率分布有了稳态。in the运动近似（41）反射率is related to thethe广场of the傅里叶变换of the散射长度密度简介Q（z）垂直表面（Q（z）=松（Z）Bi，where或and Biare the number of the i散射长度密度和成分和Q（z）is related to the中子反射指数bynðzÞ¼1 k2qðzÞ= 2P）。因此，the反射率can be written，rðqÞ¼16p2Z Q 2 2 1ÞðqðzÞeiqzdzQ（z）can be manipulated by氘标记（H和D have不同的散射长度，3.7 106Åfor H和6.67 105Åfor（d）such that the反射率可以提供直接的信息关于界面吸附at the and the structure of the吸附层。This approach has been Extensively剥削for a widerange of表面活性剂[ 41 ]和[ 12 ] polymer–surfactant系统。散射长度的不同components used in this of thestudy are listed in表1。