tal approach that converts investme

tal approach that converts investment returns into their consumption equivalents. Using this approach, a 3.5 percent rate is recommended by Moore et al. (2004). To capture a reasonable range of opinion in the literature, simulations are conductedatsocietaldiscountratesofboth3percentand7percent.Becausetheprivate discount rate is always assumed to be 7 percent, the private and societal discount rates are consistent in one set of simulations and not in the other. The implications are assessed in the next several sections. It is also noteworthy that when the societal discount rate is assumed to be 3 percent, intra- and intergenerational discount rates are consistent, because the 3 percent rate underlies the SCC estimates used in our study. But in the simulations based on the 7 percent discount rate, the intra- and intergenerationaldiscountratesarenotconsistent.Althoughtherelationshipbetween intra- and intergenerational social discount rates in another source of debate in the BCA literature, different rates are allowed for in OMB (2003), and recommended by some authors (e.g., Moore et al., 2004).SIMULATION STRUCTURE AND RESULTS A spreadsheet is used to simulate conditional probability density functions for pervehicleNPVseachyearfrom2012through2030

結果 (中文) 1:

tal approach that converts investment returns into their consumption equivalents. Using this approach, a 3.5 percent rate is recommended by Moore et al. (2004). To capture a reasonable range of opinion in the literature, simulations are conductedatsocietaldiscountratesofboth3percentand7percent.Becausetheprivate discount rate is always assumed to be 7 percent, the private and societal discount rates are consistent in one set of simulations and not in the other. The implications are assessed in the next several sections. It is also noteworthy that when the societal discount rate is assumed to be 3 percent, intra- and intergenerational discount rates are consistent, because the 3 percent rate underlies the SCC estimates used in our study. But in the simulations based on the 7 percent discount rate, the intra- and intergenerationaldiscountratesarenotconsistent.Althoughtherelationshipbetween intra- and intergenerational social discount rates in another source of debate in the BCA literature, different rates are allowed for in OMB (2003), and recommended by some authors (e.g., Moore et al., 2004).
模拟结构和结果的电子表格被用于模拟的条件概率密度函数为pervehicleNPVseachyearfrom2012through2030

結果 (中文) 2:

将投资回报转化为消费等价物的方法。使用这种方法，Moore等人（2004年）建议采用3.5%的费率。为了在文献中捕捉合理范围的观点，模拟在社会贴现率为3%和7% 时进行。由于私人贴现率始终假定为 7%，因此私人和社会贴现率在一组模拟中是一致的，而不是另一组模拟中的一致。所涉问题将在接下来的几节中进行评估。还值得注意的是，当假定社会贴现率为 3% 时，代际和代际贴现率是一致的，因为 3% 的贴现率是我们研究中使用的 SCC 估计值的基础。但在基于7%贴现率的模拟中，内部和代际贴现率并不一致。虽然在BCA文献中另一个辩论来源中，代际社会贴现率之间的关系，但OMB（2003年）允许采用不同的费率，一些作者（例如Moore等人，2004年）建议。
模拟结构与结果 电子表格用于模拟 2012 年至 2030 年每辆车 NPV 的条件概率密度函数

結果 (中文) 3:

将投资回报转化为消费等价物的好未来方法。使用这种方法，Moore等人建议使用3.5%的速率。（2004年）。为了在文献中获得一个合理的观点范围，我们进行了3%和7%的模拟。由于私人折扣率总是假设为7%，私人和社会折扣率在一组模拟中是一致的，而在另一组中则不是一致的。这些影响将在接下来的几节中进行评估。值得注意的是，当社会贴现率假设为3%时，代际和代际贴现率是一致的，因为3%的贴现率是我们研究中使用的SCC估计值的基础。但在基于7%贴现率的模拟中，代际和代际贴现率并不一致。尽管在BCA文献中另一个争论来源中，代际和代际社会贴现率之间的关系在OMB（2003）中允许不同的贴现率，并由一些作者推荐（例如。，Moore等人，2004年）。
模拟结构和结果电子表格用于模拟2012年至2030年期间反常的概率密度函数