Lung cancer
Increased levels of various MMPs, such as MMP-1, MMP-2,
MMP-7, MMP-12, MMP-13, and MMP-26, have been found
in tissues from lung cancer patients [53–57]. High levels of
MMP-1 in the blood or cancer tissue have been associated
with increased risk of metastases and poorer survival rates [53,
58]. In a recent systematic meta-analyses of published articles
about the relationship between MMP-2 and overall survival in
1,439 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the
authors found that strong immunohistochemical staining for
MMP-2 in tumor tissue predicted poorer patient survival [59].
Reports regarding the prognostic value of MMP-9 in blood or
cancer tissue are contradictive, irrespective of detection tech-
nique. Whereas several studies report no prognostic value
[60–64], others find high MMP-9 expression to be associated
with poor prognosis [65–69].