A survey of 89 internal application development projects in 89 firms was conducted in 2003–2004 to test the hypothesized relationships.
Three considerations motivated the focus on internal projects.
First, interorganizational characteristics would have added an untenable layer of conceptual complexity.
Second, prior work (e.g., Henderson and Lee 1992,Kirsch et al. 2002, Nidumolu 1995)
Third, internal development suppresses decision rights alienability that overcomes decision rights allocation problems in market arrangements