Some of the findings presented herein are worthy of comparison to other diseases. The importance of exercise and nutritional interventionisacknowledgedinmodels ofrehabilitation for non-malignant disease, where cachexia may be present. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has included exercise as a cornerstone for many years. Research on muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has shown that multi-modal interventions including exercise and nutritional supplementation can have beneficial effects on body weight, exercise tolerance, physical activity, depression and survival [35, 36]. There is now a shift toward earlier PR to improve exercise tolerance and physical activity and to promote self-efficacy and behavioural change while reducing exacerbations [36]. These observations provide further grounds for optimism that exercise and nutrition-based rehabilitation programmes in patients with incurable cancer are viable