Genomic DNA was extracted from about 200 urediniospores obtained from a single uredinium using the InstaGene Matrix (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) using the manufacturer’s protocol. Ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and ITS 2, including the 5.8S ribosomal DNA, were amplified from the extracted DNA using a GeneAmp 9700 thermal cycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) under the following conditions:initia denaturation at 96°C for 5 min; followed by 35 cycles at 96°C for 40 s, 52°C for 40 s, and 72°C for 3 min;