At first glance, the simplest way to generate additional revenues for any company is to reduce price. Whether or not this will increase revenues depends on the degree to which a given price drop increases sales volume: i.e. the elasticity of demand. A decade before the founding of the English Premier League, Bird (1982) using data between 1948 and 1980, calculated the price elasticity of demand as -0.2, and the income demand elasticity for football as -0.60, showing demand for football to be price-inelastic and an inferior good. Additionally, he found that the demand for league football was less elastic for higher divisions than lower. A similar study for the time period 1962–1992 was undertaken by Simmons (1996). One of his findings was that demand was more elastic for ‘casual’ spectators than for season-ticket holders. He discovered that the demand for football was short-term price inelastic, but more elastic in the longer-run. Other factors influencing demand for football include league position, goals scored, as promotion/relegation. However, empirically football clubs have been both to reduce prices to stimulate demand, partly based on the loyalty of their support base as evidenced by the low price elasticity of demand. This leaves them with one other option: marketing.