Rehabilitation treatment In the Japanese medical insurance system, participants are referred from acute hospitals approximately 30 days after onset of stroke and receive hospital care in convalescent rehabilitation wards for up to 180 days (29). In this study, all participants underwent rehabilitation programmes every day during hospitalization. The programmes were based on a comprehensive approach and included physical, occupational, and speech therapies, as necessary. Participants were provided with approximately 2 h (median 118 (interquartile range (IQR) 100–136) min) of rehabilitation programmes per day. There was no specific protocol or procedure for treating USN in this study. All participants with USN underwent approximately equivalent amounts of conventional therapies, such as visual scanning training, trunk rotation training, and feedback training in ADL tasks. In addition, participants with other CIs underwent conventional cognitive training. .