LITERATURE REVIEW Definition of Emotional Labour and Related Studies The concept of emotional labor was first proposed by Hochschild (1983), he believed that the cabin crew’s emotional expressions followed rules that were mandated by their employer and required them to fake their emotions to please their customers. Emotional labor has gradually become a concern and has been broadly discussed in education and other disciplines (Roulston, 2004). At work, emotional laborers may express positive and happy emotions to create a joyful working atmosphere, negative and somber emotions to create an atmosphere that establishes a psychological distance between them and customers, or neutral and impartial emotions to project a professional image (Hochschild, 1983; Wharton, 1993; Morris & Feldman, 1996). In other words, emotional labor is the manner in which employees control their personal emotions at work to meet the expectations of their employer and use their words and body language to make customers feel cared for, safe and happy during interactions (Hochschild, 1983). Studies using teachers as research subjects have suggested that teachers are emotional laborers (Brotheridge & Grandey, 2002; Roulston, 2004). Teachers in preschools are first-line professionals tasked with interacting with students and parents. These professionals are both technical and childcare personnel. According to the categorization by Hochschild (1983), they are laborers bearing a high emotional load.