1. IntroductionProtein-protein inte

1. Introduction
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) mediate intracellular biolog￾ical processes and are thus a promising drug target. Small
molecule-based PPI targeting has been challenging owing to the
complexity of the protein interface. Conventional small molecule
drug design has only attempted to interact with clearly defined
ligand-binding sites of single proteins. Small molecular targeting of
the protein-protein interface has been a challenge because it is
difficult to cover the large surface area of the protein interface and
identify important areas of the interface [1]. However, our knowl￾edge of PPI has been greatly improved since the discovery of small
molecule drugs targeting these interactions. Recently developed
advanced PPI inhibitors have become available for oral adminis￾tration in clinical settings due to state-of-the art technologies of
target-based discovery, such as structural modeling, computation,
screening, and biomarkers [2]. In silico designs using pharmaco￾phore modeling and the docking method have been developed to
identify small molecule PPI regulators, such as enzyme inhibitors
and receptor agonists and antagonists. New approaches employing

結果 (中文) 1:

1.介绍蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用 (PPI) 调解胞内 biolog ical 过程，因而是一个有前途的药物靶标。小基于分子的 PPI 针对已由于具有挑战性蛋白质界面的复杂性。传统的小分子药物设计只试图与交互明确界定单一的蛋白质配体结合位点。小分子靶向性蛋白质-蛋白质界面一直是一个挑战，因为它是难掩的蛋白质界面表面积大和确定 [1] 接口的重要的领域。然而，我们的知识优势的 PPI 已经改良以来发现的小分子靶向这些交互作用的药物。最近开发了先进的 PPI 抑制剂已成为可供口服办事浓度在临床的设置，由于先进的技术基于目标的发现，如结构建模，计算，筛选和生物标志物 [2]。在硅设计使用药物 phore 建模和对接法已经发展到确定小分子 PPI 调节器，如酶抑制剂受体激动剂和拮抗剂。采用的新方法

結果 (中文) 3:

1。景区简介蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）介导细胞内的生物￾iCal过程是一个很有前途的药物靶标。小基于PPI针对已具有挑战性，由于分子蛋白质界面的复杂性。传统的小分子药物设计只是试图与明确定义的互动单个蛋白质的配体结合位点。小分子靶向性蛋白质-蛋白质界面一直是一个挑战，因为它是难以覆盖大面积的蛋白质界面和确定接口的重要领域[ 1 ]。然而，我们的知识￾边缘PPI已经从小型的发现大大提高针对这些相互作用的分子药物。最近开发的先进的PPI抑制剂已成为可供口服￾浓度在临床的设置由于艺术技术状态基于目标的发现，如结构建模，计算，筛选和生物标志物[ 2 ]。在使用药物￾负荷建模和对接的方法设计的电子已开发识别小分子蛋白质调节剂，如酶抑制剂和受体激动剂和拮抗剂。采用新方法