AFCIs face a number of challenges, including the potential exclusion of certain older adults (including those who are low-income, older, frailer, or from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds), limited empirical evidence to identify best practices, and the difficulties of moving from an assessment phase to an action phase. But they also offer the promise of better aligning individual needs with neighborhood supports and opportunities. While gentrification raises critical concerns for vulnerable residents, any approach that embraces social justice must ensure that the positive effects of gentrification be shared by all and not just the newly arrived younger and wealthier residents.