Recirculating systemsIn a recircula

Recirculating systems

In a recirculating system the drainage water doesn't flow away but is reused. There are a few different kinds of recirculating systems: Nutrient Flow Technique (NFT), aeroponics, ebb and flood systems, and drip systems.
NFT - Nutrient Flow Technique

The first NFT (Nutrient Flow Technique) systems were introduced in the seventies. Allen Cooper developed the first NFT system in England. In NFT systems a series of tubes provide a constant, gentle flow of nutrient solution to the roots. The nutrient solution that drains from the root environment is gathered in a reservoir and then recirculated to the plants.

In recent times, the NFT tables have also become very popular for cultivation in this manner. This approach works on the same principle as the first tube system developed. To ensure that the nutrient solution has sufficient flow the tubing itself must have a fall of around 1%. In a tunnel construction the flow rate should be around 1litre per minute. Take care to ensure that the root mass at the bottom of the tunnel doesn’t become too dense!

If this occurs there is the danger that the nutrient solution will flow over the outer layer of roots, so that there is not enough contact between the nutrient solution and the roots inside the root mass. Under these circumstances the plants will wilt more quickly and nutrient deficiencies may arise.



In order to prevent such a thick root mass from developing it is advisable to make sure that the tubes are no more than 9 meters in length and that they have a diameter of at least 30cm.

An imminent nutrient deficiency in a NFT system can often first be seen on the plants at the end of the flow (the lowest plants). This is because the plants at the beginning and middle of the flow are still able to extract nutrition from the nutrient solution. By keeping
an extra close eye on these plants, nutrient shortages can be spotted and corrected, sooner. Correction is achieved by increasing the flow rate and/ or increasing the strength (EC) of the solution.

As well as nutrient deficiencies, oxygen shortages are often the first problems seen with the plants at the end of the flow. A shortage of oxygen causes the roots to turn brown with a corresponding drop in the plants uptake of water and nutrient. The chances of oxygen shortages arising are greatest during the fruitforming phase and in stressful situations. Using enzymes that stimulate root decomposition leads to fewer dead roots remaining and a more vibrant plant. Under normal circumstances there will always be a certain amount of dead root material in the system, but, so long as there are enough white, healthy roots, this is no reason for panic.

Aeroponics is...

Aeroponics was introduced in 1982, a few years after the NFT system; it originally comes from Israel. Aeroponics is a system in which misters are used to continuously bathe the roots in very fine droplets. The smaller the droplets are, the better is the contact between the nutrient solution and the roots, and the better is the uptake of food and water.



Given that, practically speaking, the roots are growing in air; they always have sufficient oxygen available and large yields become possible. The biggest disadvantages off aeroponic systems are the relatively high initial investment costs and the systems’ proneness to malfunction. Leaving a thin layer of water on the bottom of the misting room will ensure that plants don’t go without water if there should be a system failure.

Ebb and flood systems

In an ebb and flood system, the plants are placed in a box that is periodically pumped full of nutrient solution. The substrate soaks up the nutrient solution, which is then pumped away. By filling the box with nutrient solution the old air is pushed out as the solution is pumped away and fresh air flows into the medium.

結果 (中文) 1:

循环系统循环的系统中排水水不流走，但被重用。有几种不同的循环系统 ︰ 养分流技术 (NFT)、 雾、 潮水系统和滴灌系统。非功能性测试-养分流技术在七十年代，介绍了第一的非功能性测试 （养分流技术） 系统。艾伦 · 库珀开发英格兰的第一个非功能性测试系统。非功能性测试系统中一系列的管提供营养液的根源恒定，温柔的流。从根环境排出的营养液是聚集在一个水库，然后再循环到植物。在最近一个时期，非功能性测试表也变得非常受欢迎的以这种方式培养。基于同样的原则作为开发的第一管系统此方法作品。若要确保营养液具有足够的流量管本身必须下降了 1%左右。在隧道施工中流率应该是 1litre 每分钟。照顾，确保隧道底部的根质量不变得太密了 ！如果发生这种情况还有营养液会在外层的根，流过的危险，所以，就是没有足够的营养液和根中的根之间的接触大众。在这些情况下植物会更快地枯萎和营养素缺乏症可能出现。为了防止这样厚厚的根大众从发展它是明智的做法，以确保管是不会超过 9 米长，他们有至少 30 厘米直径。迫在眉睫的营养缺乏的非功能性测试系统经常首先可以看到植物在流 （最低植物） 的末端。这是因为植物的开头和中间的流量仍然能够从营养液中提取营养。通过保持一个额外的闭上眼睛在这些植物，营养短缺可以发现和纠正，越早。校正被通过增加流量或提高强度 (EC) 的解决方案。营养不足，以及氧气短缺往往与植物在流的末尾出现的第一个问题。氧气不足导致根变成褐色与相应下降，植物吸收的水分和养分。Fruitforming 阶段和在紧张的情况下，所产生的氧气短缺的机会是大的。使用刺激根分解的酶会导致剩余的少死根和更具活力的植物。在正常情况下会总是有一定的死根物质在系统中，但是，只要有足够多白色，健康的根，这是没有理由为此感到恐慌。雾是...雾培介绍了 1982 年，几年后非功能性测试系统;最初，它来自以色列。雾是用老总不断洗澡很好滴根系统。小水滴是，更好的是营养液和根，之间的接触和更好的是食物和水的摄取。鉴于此，实际来说，根越来越多空气;他们总是有足够的氧气可用和大产量成为可能。关闭高产系统最大的缺点是相对较高的初始投资成本，系统易出现故障。在底部的喷雾室上留下一层薄薄的水将确保植物不去没有水的情况下，如果系统出现故障。潮水的系统在潮水的系统中，植物放在一个框，定期注满了营养液。衬底吸收营养液，然后抽走了。通过框中填入营养液将推出旧空气，作为解决的办法是走泵浦和新鲜的空气流动到介质。

結果 (中文) 2:

循环水系统在循环系统排水水不流走，但被重用。有几个不同类型的循环体系：营养流技术（NFT），aeroponics，低潮和洪水系统和滴灌系统。NFT -营养流技术的第一个NFT（营养流技术）系统，在七十年代进行了介绍。艾伦库珀开发了第一个NFT系统在英国。在NFT系统的一系列管提供营养液的恒定，水流平缓的根源。从根环境漏极被收集在一储存器，然后再循环到植物营养液。近来，在NFT表也成为以这种方式培养很受欢迎。这种方法的工作原理相同的原理与第一管系统开发的。以确保该营养液具有足够的流动管道本身必须有一个下降的1％左右。在隧道施工的流速应在每分钟1升。小心确保在通道的底部的根质量不会变得过于致密！如果发生这种情况有，该营养液将流过根的外层，使得存在不是之间足够的接触的危险营养液与根群内的根。在这些情况下的植物将枯萎更快更可能出现营养不足。为了防止这种厚根质量从显影最好是确保管是不超过9米的长度和它们的直径为大于30cm。在NFT系统的迫在眉睫养分缺乏可以常常先对植物在流（最低植物）的端部看到。这是因为，在流动的开始和中间的植物都仍然能够从营养液中提取的营养。通过保持一个额外的密切关注这些植物，营养不足可以被发现和纠正，越早。校正是通过增加流速和/或增加溶液的强度（EC）来实现。除了营养不足，氧短缺经常与在流动结束时植物看到的第一个问题。氧的短缺导致树根变成棕色，在水和养分的植物吸收的相应下降。所产生的氧气短缺的机会在fruitforming阶段，并在紧张的情况下最大。使用刺激根系分解导致剩余更少的死根和一个更有活力的植物酵素。一般情况下总是会有在系统中一定量的死根的材料，但是，只要有足够的白色，健康的根，这是没有理由恐慌。Aeroponics是...... Aeroponics于1982年推出，一在NFT系统后几年; 它最初来自以色列。Aeroponics是在老总是用来在非常微小的液滴不断洗澡根部的系统。较小的液滴是，更好的是营养液和根部之间的接触，并且更好是食物和水的摄取。鉴于此，实际而言，根部生长在空气中 他们总是有足够的氧气可用的和大产量成为可能。关闭气培系统的最大缺点是相对较高的初始投资成本和系统的倾向出现故障。在喷雾室的底部留水薄薄的一层将确保植物不要去没有水，如果应该有一个系统故障。低潮和洪水系统在低潮和洪水系统，植物放置在一个盒子里定期抽满营养液。衬底吸收了营养液，然后将其泵出。用营养液填充框旧的空气被压出的溶液被抽走和新鲜空气流入介质。