The urediniospores of Japanese specimens on ohia were similar in size and morphological characters to those of P. psidii reported by Ferreira (1989), Gallegos and Cummins(1981), Lindquist (1982), and Rayachhetry et al. (2001)Table 3. Furthermore, the ITS sequence clustered with that of P. psidii in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 2). Therefore, we identified the rust as P. psidii. This report is the first in Japan of both a rust disease on ohia and the causal fungus P. psidii.We propose the name ‘‘sabi-byo’’ of ohia in Japanese.