Three articles are categorized as normative/conceptual studies. These papers provide suggestions and discussions regarding management accounting systems. Most of them are based on reviews of prior literature and the authors’ observations. Huang (1998) explores a model to calculate an enterprise’s environmental cost. Chen and Lin (2002) classify a company’s human capital by using two dimensions: uniqueness and value.23 Yeh (2001) identifies a set of performance indicators for evaluating supply chain management.