where CW = average wage per hour [U.S. dollars (USD)/h], con-sidered as a random variable following a lognormal distribution, with a mean of 23.36 USD/h and a coefficient of variation of 0.28 [i.e., ln(23.36, 0.28)]; CC = average compensation per hour for truck drivers (USD/h), following a lognormal distribution ln(29.28, 0.31); Cg = time value of the goods transported in a cargo (USD/h), considered as ln(3.81, 0.2); Oc and Ot = average occupancies for cars and trucks, respectively, assumed to follow the respective distributions ln(1.5, 0.15) and ln(1.05, 0.15); and T = ratio of the average daily truck traffic to the average daily traffic, considered as ln(0.12, 0.2). The parameters of the random variables in Eq. (2) are assumed based on Decò and Frangopol (2011).