Long-Term Potentiation and Depression: Figure 4f shows the long-term potentiation and depression performance of Device-2. A testing scheme similar to that used by Chou et al. is adopted. A series of signals with a constant tpulse (100 ns) and increasing absolute Vpulse (Vpulse = -3 to -6 V, with a step of -0.2 V) is applied. This process results in linearly varying conductance values, allowing the device to achieve 16 different states (4 bits). These findings suggest the device's potential for use in complex neuromorphic computing applications.