2. THEORETICAL BASISAccording to Ge

2. THEORETICAL BASIS
According to Gerbner, the basic difference between human beings and other living creatures is that people live in the world created by the stories told by people themselves. For instance, all the living organisms exchange energy with their environments. Even some living creatures exchange information and change their behaviors as a result of learning. However, only human beings communicate under the control of complicated symbols and live in a world that has been created and experienced by means of some forms and styles of storytelling (Gerbner, 1990). People have been acquiring what they know or think neither through personal nor direct experience. On the contrary, they gain what they know from the stories they tell or hear (Gerbner and Gross, 1976: 173; Gerbner et al., 1982: 102; Morgan and Signorielli, 1990: 13; Gerbner et al., 1994: 18; Signorielli and Morgan, 1996: 112 and 114; Morgan and Shanahan, 1997: 5). According to Gerbner (1998:135), today television is performing the storytelling function. In the past, the stories of a culture used to be told face to face by teachers, parents, members of a community or religious functionary, but today television is telling these stories. Prior to television, the “tendencies” used to be determined learning the values at home and school. Besides, they could reach the media selectively. Today, however, there has been an effect of watching television beginning from early childhood and it makes cultivation continuous. Now television tells maximum people maximum stories at maximum time. According to Gerbner and his colleagues, the television has been planting the relative, fixed, and common images taking place in the stories it tells into people’s minds (Gerbnerand Gross, 1976; Gerbner et al., 1986).

結果 (中文) 1:

2.理论依据According to Gerbner, the basic difference between human beings and other living creatures is that people live in the world created by the stories told by people themselves. For instance, all the living organisms exchange energy with their environments. Even some living creatures exchange information and change their behaviors as a result of learning. However, only human beings communicate under the control of complicated symbols and live in a world that has been created and experienced by means of some forms and styles of storytelling (Gerbner, 1990). People have been acquiring what they know or think neither through personal nor direct experience. On the contrary, they gain what they know from the stories they tell or hear (Gerbner and Gross, 1976: 173; Gerbner et al., 1982: 102; Morgan and Signorielli, 1990: 13; Gerbner et al., 1994: 18; Signorielli and Morgan, 1996: 112 and 114; Morgan and Shanahan, 1997: 5). According to Gerbner (1998:135), today television is performing the storytelling function. In the past, the stories of a culture used to be told face to face by teachers, parents, members of a community or religious functionary, but today television is telling these stories. Prior to television, the “tendencies” used to be determined learning the values at home and school. Besides, they could reach the media selectively. Today, however, there has been an effect of watching television beginning from early childhood and it makes cultivation continuous. Now television tells maximum people maximum stories at maximum time. According to Gerbner and his colleagues, the television has been planting the relative, fixed, and common images taking place in the stories it tells into people’s minds (Gerbnerand Gross, 1976; Gerbner et al., 1986).

結果 (中文) 3:

2。理论基础
根据格伯纳，人类和其他动物的根本区别是，人生活在世界上的人讲的自己的故事了。例如，所有的生物都能与环境交换能量。甚至一些生物交流信息，并改变他们的行为作为学习的结果。不过只有人类沟通复杂符号的控制下，生活在一个世界，已被创建并通过一些形式和风格讲故事的手段（格伯纳的经历，1990）。人们已经获得了他们所知道或认为既不通过个人或直接经验。相反，他们得到了什么他们知道他们告诉或听故事（格伯纳和毛，1976：173；格伯纳等人。，1982：102；摩根和辛格诺瑞丽，1990：13；格伯纳等人。，1994：18；辛格诺瑞丽和摩根，1996：112和114；摩根和保罗，1997：5）。根据格伯纳（1998:135），今天的电视表演讲故事的功能。在过去，一个曾经被告诉面对老师，父母文化的故事，一个社区或宗教职务的成员，但今天的电视正在讲述这些故事。在电视之前，“倾向”是用来确定在家和学校的价值观。此外，他们可以选择性地到达媒体。然而，在今天，有一个是看电视的影响，从早期的童年，它使培养连续。现在，电视告诉人们最大的故事，最大时间。根据格伯纳和他的同事，电视已经相对固定，种植，和普通图像中发生的故事告诉别人的心思（gerbnerand毛，1976；格伯纳等人。，1986）。