Notably, claims by friendship researchers that self- disclosure is related to high-quality, close relation- ships are generally not qualified by whether self- disclosure focuses on positive or negative topics or occurs in moderation or at extreme levels.In fact, the intense emotional conversations that are often the basis of co-rumination may be particularly likely to be related to feelings of closeness. Accordingly, co- rumination, conceptualized as a specific type of self- disclosure, is expected to be linked with having high- quality, emotionally close friendships.