Our decomposition model solves the inverse problem as follows: decompose a signal into a given number of modes, either exactly or in a least squares sense, such that each individual mode has limited bandwidth. We assess the mode’s bandwidth as the squared H1 norm of its Hilbert complemented analytic signal with only positive frequencies, shifted to baseband by mixing with a complex exponential of the current center frequency estimate. The variational problem is solved very efficiently in a classical ADMM approach: The modes are updated by simple Wiener filtering, directly in Fourier domain with a filter tuned to the current center frequency, then the center frequencies are updated as the center of gravity of the mode’s power spectrum, and finally the Lagrangian multiplier enforcing exact signal reconstruction is updated as dual ascent.