DISCUSSIONIn the present study, we showed that the implementation of the VAP prevention bundle is associated with a trend toward a lower incidence of VAP and a significantly lower incidence of late VAP. Moreover, we observed no significant differences in the mortality between the two groups of patients. Our results on the incidence of VAP and the effect of the VAP prevention bundle on the VAP incidence and mortality are in line with previous studies. The incidence of VAP reported in other centers across Europe, Asia, and Latin America ranged between 9 and 27%, while it was 4.8-7.5% in the U.S. In addition, the sets of measures for the prevention of VAP described in those studies are similar to our VAP prevention bundle